Novo Nordisk A/S, the Danish drugmaker, is exploring whether a new class of medicines that helps people lose weight and control diabetes also has potential in fighting COVID-19.
Research shows people afflicted by obesity and diabetes often fare worse in trying to overcome SARS-CoV-2. Now initial analysis of electronic medical records shows that GLP-1 drugs, which help patients keep blood sugar levels in check, could be a “very meaningful therapy” in battling the illness, Novo Chief Scientific Officer Mads Krogsgaard Thomsen said in an interview. He pointed to evidence the virus attacks cells that produce insulin, the hormone needed by patients with diabetes.
“The early indication is that the GLP-1 class is actually beneficial in COVID-19,” he said. “That’s not unexpected because this is the class of agents that target the risk factors for bad COVID-19 outcomes.”
GLP-1 drugs include Novo’s Ozempic for diabetes and Saxenda for obesity. Sales of such drugs, which also include Eli Lilly & Co.’s Trulicity and AstraZeneca Plc’s Bydureon, totaled more than US$11 billion last year, according to a report from Grand View Research.
Rush for Treatments
Novo, the world’s biggest maker of diabetes drugs, is studying the role such medicines could play as researchers and governments rush to find treatments to combat the coronavirus. The U.S. last month cleared use of convalescent plasma -- which uses blood from people who have recovered from COVID-19 to help those currently infected -- on an emergency basis for some cases.
That added to a growing list of therapies available to doctors. In May, regulators granted emergency authorization to the Gilead Sciences Inc. antiviral drug remdesivir, while dexamethasone, a widely available generic anti-inflammatory drug, has shown life-saving promise.
Patients with COVID-19 can suffer from an inflammatory condition in which the immune system overreacts to the virus, causing damage that is worse than the infection itself. Studies show that semaglutide, the key ingredient in Ozempic, “dampens systemic inflammation” in people with diabetes and obesity, Thomsen said.
Novo is carrying out further studies and will make the results public if it can substantiate the preliminary data, he said.
Novo has bet on GLP-1 drugs including Ozempic, forecast by analysts to generate US$3.4 billion in sales in 2020. Saxenda is expected to cross US$1 billion in sales this year. The company earlier this year completed the final stage of tests for semaglutide in obesity.
“Obesity, hypertension and diabetes are big risk factors for bad outcomes,” according to Thomsen. “But it is also so that the virus puts further stress on your cardiometabolic condition.”
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