(Bloomberg) -- Carlos Ghosn’s decision to flee to Lebanon last week effectively ended his legal prosecution in Japan, leaving former Nissan Motor Co. executive Greg Kelly at the center of the sprawling case.

Under Japanese criminal law, only minor accusations can be tried without a defendant, according to Nobuo Gohara, a former prosecutor. That’s not Ghosn. If found guilty of the allegations of financial misconduct, the chairman and chief executive officer of Nissan and Renault SA could have been sentenced to more than 10 years in prison.

Tokyo University law professor Wataru Tanaka had been asked by Ghosn’s lawyers to provide expert testimony for the case. Now, Tanaka said, the lawyers don’t expect Ghosn’s trial to continue.

Read more: Low-Key Professor Name-Dropped by Ghosn Startled by Spotlight

Absent Ghosn, Kelly could become a proxy for whether the former auto titan is considered innocent or guilty. The two were arrested on the same day; Kelly remains in Japan to face charges that allege he help understate Ghosn’s compensation by tens of millions of dollars. “Whether or not Kelly is proved guilty or not will let us judge whether Ghosn’s arrest was just,” Gohara said.

Kelly’s lawyer Yoichi Kitamura said he expects his client’s trial to start in April as planned.

Ghosn’s arrest has called attention to Japan’s criminal justice system, which boasts a conviction rate of over 99% and had been criticized for long detention times. Ghosn spent almost 130 days in jail and said he was repeatedly questioned by prosecutors without a lawyer present. Prosecutors have said they acted in accordance with Japanese law.

Ghosn’s Legal Odyssey and What It Says About Japan: QuickTake

“I’m interested to see what happens to the careers of the people involved,” said Colin Jones, a professor of law at Doshisha University. “The ministry of justice is run by prosecutors. It will be interesting to see if people’s career paths reflect some kind of negative impact.”

Following Ghosn’s cinematic escape, prosecutors failed in an attempt to seize a computer used by Ghosn from the offices of his legal defense team. They’ve also obtained an arrest warrant for Ghosn’s wife Carole on charges of false testimony. She’s unlikely to return to Japan voluntarily.

During a press conference last week in Beirut, Ghosn insisted he would stand anywhere he could get a fair hearing. He also acknowledged the former colleague he’d left behind.

“Greg remains a victim of the Japanese hostage justice system, with no trial date in sight 14 months after his arrest,” Ghosn said. “He is being punished precisely because he is honorable and refused to participate in a suspicious plea-bargaining agreement.”

--With assistance from Kae Inoue and Hiromi Horie.

To contact the reporters on this story: Yuko Takeo in Tokyo at ytakeo2@bloomberg.net;Lisa Du in Tokyo at ldu31@bloomberg.net;Yuki Furukawa in Tokyo at yfurukawa13@bloomberg.net

To contact the editors responsible for this story: Young-Sam Cho at ycho2@bloomberg.net, Reed Stevenson, Janet Paskin

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